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Cinesi Gómez C, Trigueros Ruiz N, De la Villa Zamora B, Blázquez González L, Piñera Salmerón P, Lázaro Aragües P
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Objectives.
To analyze factors related to the failure of noninvasive mechanical ventilation (NIV) weaning in a hospital emergency department (ED).
Methods.
Prospective, observational cohort study with enrolled a sample of consecutive patients who required NIV during ED care. The dependent variable was NIV weaning failure, defined by the need to restart NIV in the ED after a first attempt to withdraw the respirator.
Results.
Of a total of 675 candidates, we included 360 patients (53.4%). Exclusions were 100 patients (31.7%) who were on NIV at home; 58 (18.4%) in whom NIV initially failed; and 157 (49.9%) in whom weaning was attempted outside the ED. Seventy-two (17.3%) cases of weaning failure in the ED were observed. Factors independently
associated with failure were the bicarbonate (HCO3) concentrations before attempted weaning (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.06; 95% CI, 1.01–1.12; P = .014), time on NIV in hours (aOR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.04–1.16; P < .001), and a pH less than 7.35 before weaning (aOR, 2.48; 95% CI, 1.16–5.31; P = .019).
Conclusions.
Weaning failure occurs in 17% of ED patients on NIV. Time on NIV, HCO3 concentration, and a pH less than 7.35 before weaning are independently associated with failure to wean from the respirator.
